How venomous is the Mojave rattlesnake? You really don't want to find out

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The Mojave Rattlesnake is found only in extreme Texas. It is similar to the western diamondback in markings.

The Mojave rattlesnake might look like its cousin, the Western diamondback, but don’t be fooled. The Mojave rattlesnake packs one of the most potent venoms with a nasty neurotoxic twist that can affect your nervous system.

Found mostly in Arizona’s northwestern deserts and open grasslands, Mojave rattlesnakes love dry, sunny real estate and often blend into the sand. They’re not typically aggressive but will strike if threatened. If you’re hiking, watch your step and don’t ignore that rattling soundtrack.

Here's what to know about the Mojave rattlesnake, one of the most fearsome species in Arizona.

Are Mojave rattlesnakes in Arizona?

Yes, Mojave rattlesnakes are found in Arizona, especially in desert regions across the southern and western parts of the state. They're one of the most common snakes in Arizona, right up there with the Western diamondback rattlesnake and the gopher snake.

What does the Mojave rattlesnake look like?

The Mojave rattlesnake looks a lot like its cousin, the Western diamondback. Here are some differences and similarities:

• Color: Mojave rattlesnakes are usually greenish-gray to brownish, which has earned them the nickname "Mojave green."
• Tail bands: One of the best giveaways is that Mojave rattlesnakes have narrow white bands and thicker black bands near the rattle. In contrast, the Western diamondback's tail bands are more evenly spaced.
• Head shape: Like other rattlesnakes, Mojaves have a triangular head with heat-sensing pits between the eyes and nostrils.

How aggressive are Mojave rattlesnakes?

Mojave rattlesnakes aren't out to get you. They're generally not aggressive unless provoked, but they can be more defensive than other rattlesnakes, especially during mating season or when cornered.

“Aggression is an individual trait, and it varies. I have encountered Mojave rattlesnakes that didn’t rattle or move. Others have been quite defensive and aggressive," said Thomas Jones, amphibians and reptiles program manager at Arizona Game & Fish Department.

"They are relatively large snakes and can put up a fight, if necessary. Also, even though I use the term ‘aggressive,’ I recognize that what we perceive as aggression is just vigorous defense on their part.”

How venomous is a Mojave rattlesnake?

The Mojave rattlesnake is extremely venomous and what makes it especially dangerous is its neurotoxic venom, which can affect the nervous system, leading to difficulty breathing, muscle paralysis and even death if untreated.

Some Mojave rattlesnakes also have hemotoxic components in their venom, which damage tissues and blood. Not every Mojave has the same venom mix, though.

What happens if you get bit by a Mojave rattlesnake?

If you get bitten by a Mojave rattlesnake, it’s a medical emergency. Mojaves have one of the most potent venoms in North America. Symptoms can include difficulty breathing, muscle weakness, vision problems and severe pain and swelling at the bite site.

“Treat it with your cellphone and 911,” said Jones. “Nothing else. Loosen clothing and remove jewelry on the affected limb, but don’t do anything else, no electric shock, no cut-and-suck, no ice, nothing.

"Get professional help as quickly as possible.”

What is the difference between a diamondback rattlesnake and a Mojave rattlesnake?

They are different species, so there are many differences. Here's how Jones explains it:

“Both species have obvious black and white rings just above the rattle. On Mojave rattlesnakes, the black rings are generally narrower than the white rings; on diamondbacks, it’s just the opposite, black rings are wider.

"Of course, that requires a close look, and that’s not a good idea, for obvious reasons.”

Where do Mojave rattlesnakes live?

Jones says you can find Mojave rattlesnakes in all of Arizona below the Mogollon Rim. They roam through grassy plains, scrublands and rocky desert foothills. They prefer dry, open terrain with sparse vegetation, often at elevations between 500 and 5,000 feet.

Mojave rattlesnakes blend in with sandy or rocky environments and can be tough to spot until you hear that telltale rattle. Keep your eyes peeled when exploring open desert areas, especially during the warmer months when they’re most active.