How old are the caves?, Chislehurst Caves during World War II, What musicians played at the caves?, Have the caves featured on TV and film?

On the outskirts of London, under a very unassuming car park lies an incredible 22-mile network of caves many know nothing about. The Chislehurst Caves, in the south east borough of Bromley, are entirely manmade, starting out as chalk and flint mines hundreds of years ago. The mining came to an end in the 1900s and the labyrinth was opened up to the public for tours (Picture: YouTube/Chislehurst Caves)

During World War One it was used as a munitions storage facility, in the 1920s and 30s mushrooms were grown there and when the capital was hit by the Blitz in World War Two it became a massive air raid shelter, keeping 15,000 people safe from German bombing. In more recent years it’s played host to well-known musicians, with David Bowie among those performing in its tunnels (Picture: Paul Brown/REX/Shutterstock)

How old are the caves?

It’s not known exactly how far back the caves date. Early 20th-century archaeologist William Nichols, then vice president of the British Archaeological Association, suggested they may have been made by the Druids, Romans and Saxons. However, this has since been disputed and now thought unlikely. The earliest mention of the mines, and lime burning kilns the chalk was used for, is in a 9th-century charter. They were then mentioned once again in 1232 (Picture: Paul Brown/REX/Shutterstock)

Meanwhile, the earliest documented evidence of a chalk mine is in 1737 and it’s thought the caves were most active and developed in the 18th and 19th centuries. During their final working years, the caves were used to produce lime, before closing some time in the 1860s (Picture: Arthur
/Mirrorpix)

Chislehurst Caves during World War II

When London was hit by the Blitz, the caves were cleaned, and kitted out with electricity, a hospital, hundreds of beds, several canteens and even a cinema. Every evening at 7pm the caves would open to the public, with adults charged six pence and children thruppence a week to stay in what was dubbed the Chislehurst Hotel. Regulars would usually have a spot they’d claimed as their own, personalising it as much as they could, while occasional visitors took whatever was left (Picture: Bela Zola/Daily Herald/Mirrorpix/Getty Images)

With thousands sheltering in the caves during the bombing, toilet facilities often became overwhelmed. To tackle the issue, guests were asked to bring their own containers for when they needed to go at night. But this came with its own problems, such as people accidentally knocking them over once lights were out. One woman gave birth to a child in the caves, and at the suggestion of the midwife, named the girl Cavena (Picture: Pace/Getty Images)

What musicians played at the caves?

Chislehurst Caves was a popular music venue from the 50s until the 80s. Legendary guitarist Jimi Hendrix played there twice, while David Bowie performed in the space four times. Pink Floyd and the Rolling Stones have also staged concerts in the caves and Led Zeppelin held a record launch party there, according to HistoryHit.com. The space was also hired for other, non music events such as birthday parties (Picture: Watal Asanuma/Shinko Music/Getty Images)

Have the caves featured on TV and film?

The caves have indeed featured on both TV and film. They appeared in an episode of Doctor Who in 1972 titled The Mutants, a series called Seven Natural Wonders presented by Bill Oddie in 2005, where the caves were featured as one of the wonders London, and in two episodes of ghost hunting show, Most Haunted. They also make an appearance in British films Beat Girl (1960), The Tribe (1998) and Inseminoid (1981) (Picture: Gamma-Keystone)