How to spot a riptide, a major cause of death at the beach

The ocean is a dangerous place, and the beach is no less so. Many dangers can arise along the shore, and while there are a few beach safety tips that you should be aware of before venturing out into the water, there is one specific force of nature that can truly wreak havoc: a rip current.

These seemingly innocuous areas along the ocean's edge have been known to cause deaths around the world, but what are they? And how can you identify one? Click through the gallery to find out.

What are rip currents?

Rip currents, also known as rip tides, are powerful, narrow channels of fast-moving water. They flow from the shore towards the sea and cut a line through breaking waves. These currents are incredibly dangerous and are capable of pulling swimmers away from the shore.

Speed

Rip currents can move at speeds of up to 8 feet (2.5 meters) per second, which is faster than an Olympic swimmer. This rapid movement makes it difficult for beachgoers to swim directly back to shore. People often succumb to rip tides after panic and exhaustion set in.

Sandbars

Sandbars, which are areas close to the beach where pieces of land have formed, play a crucial role in the formation of rip currents. Waves break over these ridges and create a buildup of water between the sandbar and the shore, which eventually flows out through narrow channels that form rip currents.

Ecosystems

Although they can be dangerous to human life, rip currents play a crucial role in coastal ecosystems by transporting nutrients and sediments along the beach, which is essential for the sustainability of marine species.

Visual cues

Some visual signs of rip currents include a gap in the line of incoming waves, water that appears discolored or murky, and choppy, churning water. These visual indicators help in identifying potential danger zones in the water.

Myths

One common myth is that rip currents pull swimmers under the water. In reality, they pull swimmers away from the shore, which is a crucial distinction that can help people survive.

Technology

Advancements in technology, such as drones and remote sensing, help scientists and lifeguards monitor and predict rip currents. These tools enhance beach safety by providing real-time data and early warnings of hazardous conditions.

Coastal erosion

Coastal erosion has been known to drastically influence the formation and intensity of rip currents. Eroded beaches (caused by tidal activity or even construction) may have irregular shorelines and sandbars, which can contribute to the development of stronger rip currents.

Educational materials

The internet is rife with educational materials that are essential tools in spreading awareness about rip currents. If you intend on visiting a beach this summer, we recommend researching as much as possible about the potential dangers lurking beneath the water.

Training

One advantage that you and your family can have when going to the beach is to go through a training program beforehand. These programs would equip you with the skills and knowledge (including first aid) to handle dangers on the beach.

Swimwear

Beachgoers are often recommended to wear brightly colored suits so that lifeguards can spot swimmers in distress more easily.

Stay calm

If you find yourself caught in a rip current, it is crucial to stay calm. Panic can lead to exhaustion, which increases the risk of drowning. Try to breathe and keep your head above the water as you assess the situation.

Avoiding direct confrontation

Never try to swim directly against a rip current back to shore. The current's strength can quickly lead to fatigue. Instead, conserve energy by floating or treading water if necessary.

Drifting along

If it’s too difficult to swim sideways, tread water and allow the current to take you. You may experience some intense discomfort, but a rip tide’s current won’t drag you under and will flow out into the ocean, where it becomes calmer. Once you’re there, you can call out for help or swim to a safer part of the shore.