Why planes are forbidden from flying over Disney parks (and other no-fly zones)

There are a number of airspace areas where aircraft are prohibited from entering. These usually include both manned (e.g. planes and helicopters) and unmanned ones (i.e. drones). There are essentially two main types of restricted areas: no-fly zones and prohibited airspace. They differ slightly, but both are implemented to the the same effect.

In this gallery, we look at where in the world aircraft are prohibited from entering. Click on to find out if your country is on the list.

No-fly zone vs. prohibited airspace

While both designations stand for a prohibition to fly, there is a distinction between the two. A no-flight zone (NFZ), or air exclusion zone (AEZ), is an area designated and controlled by the military, and is usually done so where there are conflicts. 

No-fly zones

Examples of past no-fly zones enforced by the military in conflict areas include Iraq (1991-2003), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1993-1995), and Libya (2011, 2018-19).

While NFZs are usually linked with military strategy, sometimes these are also implemented in civilian settings, when specific events take place (e.g. the Olympics). This is done mostly to prevent terrorist attacks.

Prohibited airspace

A prohibited airspace is an area where aircraft cannot operate. The protection of a specific area of airspace is typically due to security concerns. It’s usually depicted on aeronautical charts, so pilots know not to fly through that area.

What happens if an aircraft violates a no-fly zone or prohibited airspace?

The protocol in the event of violation of these is usually a warning via radio, which can then be followed by military interception and/or attack. Now, let's look at some of these prohibited airspaces and no-fly zones.

Mecca

Every year, millions of Muslim pilgrims visit the Kaaba and the Great Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, as part of a pilgrimage known as the hajj. Islam’s Holy City keeps its airspace free from distractions and does so out of respect for the religion and its followers.

Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, is one of India’s biggest tourist attractions. The 17th-century Mughal-era mausoleum is a UNESCO World Heritage site, and since 2019 aircraft haven’t been allowed to fly over it. Archaeologists and Taj Mahal security officials pushed for the ban after the Indian military violated the monument’s airspace on multiple occasions.

Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C. is home to the White House and both houses of Congress, not to mention numerous monuments. Washington is regulated by a Special Flight Rules Area (SFRA), consisting of two rings: there’s a 30-mile (48-km) outer ring, and a 15-mile (24-km) inner ring.

Other prohibited areas in the US

Aircraft are also forbidden from entering the airspace at Thurmont, Maryland, where the presidential retreat Camp David is located. Pantex nuclear assembly plant in Amarillo, Texas, as well as Mount Vernon, Virginia (pictured), the home of George Washington, are also no-fly zones.

Bush family estates

The Bush family like to keep their skies free from aircraft. Both Bush Ranch (Prairie Chapel Ranch) and Walker's Point Estate are prohibited areas.

Houses of Parliament

Not only is the British monarchy's safety and security a priority, but the country’s leading politicians also share the same privilege. The Houses of Parliament is also a no-fly zone, as is Downing Street, the official residence of the British prime minister.

Disney parks

Both Disneyland in California and Disney World in Florida are considered “National Defense Airspace.” They have become no-fly zones ever since the 9/11 terror attacks. No aircraft (including drones) can fly within a 3-mile radius of each Disney park.

Greece

The Greeks like to keep their historical sites free from air traffic. For instance, no aircraft can fly above the Parthenon below 5,000 feet (1,500 m).

Cuba

Any unscheduled foreign aircraft that enter Cuban airspace may suffer the consequences. In 1996, two planes were shot down after they did so.

Hungary

This European nation does not allow planes over its capital, Budapest, nor over national parks such as Hortobágy.

China

Flying over Tiananmen Square is not allowed. Some airlines are also restricted from flying through Chinese airspace on certain routes.

Ukraine

Ever since the conflict with Russia broke out, Ukraine has become restricted for civil aircraft. So far an official military no-fly zone hasn't been implemented in Ukraine.